Terbiu
65
Tb
Grupă
n/a
Perioadă
6
Bloc
f
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
65
65
94
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
65
Masă atomică
158,92535
Numar de masa
159
Categorie
Lantanide
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Terbium a fost numit după Ytterby, un oraș în Suedia
Structură cristalină
Sistemul Hexagonal
Istoric
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Configurație electronică
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
8,229 g/cm3
Punct de topire
1629,15 K | 1356 °C | 2472,8 °F
Punct de fierbere
3503,15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Energie de fuziune
10,8 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
295 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,182 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,000093%
Abundența în Univers
5×10-8%
Numarul CAS
7440-27-9
Număr CID PubChem
23958
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
177 pm
Rază de covalență
194 pm
Electronegativitate
1,2 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
5,8638 eV
Volum molar
19,20 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,111 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
1, 3, 4
Aplicații
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
159TbIzotopi instabili
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb