Staniu
50
Sn
Grupă
14
Perioadă
5
Bloc
p
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
50
50
69
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
50
Masă atomică
118,71
Numar de masa
119
Categorie
Metale post-tranziţionale
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Cuvântul latin stannum, staniu
Structură cristalină
Centrat Tetragonal
Istoric
Tin was first smelted in combination with copper around 3500 BC to produce bronze.
The oldest artifacts date from around 2000 BC.
Cassiterite, the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.
British scientist Robert Boyle published a description of his experiments on the oxidation of tin in 1673.
The oldest artifacts date from around 2000 BC.
Cassiterite, the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.
British scientist Robert Boyle published a description of his experiments on the oxidation of tin in 1673.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Configurație electronică
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
7,287 g/cm3
Punct de topire
505,08 K | 231,93 °C | 449,47 °F
Punct de fierbere
2875,15 K | 2602 °C | 4715,6 °F
Energie de fuziune
7 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
290 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,228 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,00022%
Abundența în Univers
4×10-7%
Numarul CAS
7440-31-5
Număr CID PubChem
5352426
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
140 pm
Rază de covalență
139 pm
Electronegativitate
1,96 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
7,3439 eV
Volum molar
16,3 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,666 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
-4, 2, 4
Aplicații
Tin is used as a coating on the surface of other metals to prevent corrosion.
It has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead.
Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.
Tin chloride is used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and for increasing the weight of silk.
It has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead.
Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.
Tin chloride is used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and for increasing the weight of silk.
Tin is considered to be non-toxic but most tin salts are toxic
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
112Sn, 114Sn, 115Sn, 116Sn, 117Sn, 118Sn, 119Sn, 120Sn, 122Sn, 124SnIzotopi instabili
99Sn, 100Sn, 101Sn, 102Sn, 103Sn, 104Sn, 105Sn, 106Sn, 107Sn, 108Sn, 109Sn, 110Sn, 111Sn, 113Sn, 121Sn, 123Sn, 125Sn, 126Sn, 127Sn, 128Sn, 129Sn, 130Sn, 131Sn, 132Sn, 133Sn, 134Sn, 135Sn, 136Sn, 137Sn