Indiu
49
In
Grupă
13
Perioadă
5
Bloc
p
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
49
49
66
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
49
Masă atomică
114,818
Numar de masa
115
Categorie
Metale post-tranziţionale
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Numele vine de la linia albastră Indigo
Structură cristalină
Centrat Tetragonal
Istoric
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Configurație electronică
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
7,31 g/cm3
Punct de topire
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Punct de fierbere
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Energie de fuziune
3,26 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
230 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,233 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,000016%
Abundența în Univers
3×10-8%
Numarul CAS
7440-74-6
Număr CID PubChem
5359967
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
167 pm
Rază de covalență
142 pm
Electronegativitate
1,78 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
5,7864 eV
Volum molar
15,7 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,816 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
1, 2, 3
Aplicații
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
113InIzotopi instabili
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In