Ytriu
39
Y
Grupă
3
Perioadă
5
Bloc
d
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
39
39
50
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
39
Masă atomică
88,90585
Numar de masa
89
Categorie
Metale de tranziție
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Numit după Ytterby, un sat în Suedia lângă Vauxholm
Structură cristalină
Sistemul Hexagonal
Istoric
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Configurație electronică
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
4,469 g/cm3
Punct de topire
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Punct de fierbere
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Energie de fuziune
11,4 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
380 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,298 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,0029%
Abundența în Univers
7×10-7%
Numarul CAS
7440-65-5
Număr CID PubChem
23993
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
180 pm
Rază de covalență
190 pm
Electronegativitate
1,22 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
6,2173 eV
Volum molar
19,8 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,172 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
1, 2, 3
Aplicații
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
89YIzotopi instabili
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y