Aur
79
Au
Grupă
11
Perioadă
6
Bloc
d
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
79
79
118
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
79
Masă atomică
196,966569
Numar de masa
197
Categorie
Metale de tranziție
Culoare
Aur
Radioactive
Nu
Din cuvântul latin aurum, însemnând aur
Structură cristalină
Față Centrată Cubic
Istoric
Gold has been known since prehistoric times and was the first metal used by humans.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
Configurație electronică
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
India is the world's largest single consumer of gold
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
19,282 g/cm3
Punct de topire
1337,35 K | 1064,2 °C | 1947,56 °F
Punct de fierbere
3129,15 K | 2856 °C | 5172,8 °F
Energie de fuziune
12,5 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
330 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,129 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
3,1×10-7%
Abundența în Univers
6×10-8%
Credite imagine: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Synthetic made gold crystals by the chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
Numarul CAS
7440-57-5
Număr CID PubChem
23985
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
144 pm
Rază de covalență
136 pm
Electronegativitate
2,54 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
9,2255 eV
Volum molar
10,2 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
3,17 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
-1, 1, 2, 3, 5
Aplicații
Gold is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems in many countries.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
Gold is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
197AuIzotopi instabili
169Au, 170Au, 171Au, 172Au, 173Au, 174Au, 175Au, 176Au, 177Au, 178Au, 179Au, 180Au, 181Au, 182Au, 183Au, 184Au, 185Au, 186Au, 187Au, 188Au, 189Au, 190Au, 191Au, 192Au, 193Au, 194Au, 195Au, 196Au, 198Au, 199Au, 200Au, 201Au, 202Au, 203Au, 204Au, 205Au