Erbiu
68
Er
Grupă
n/a
Perioadă
6
Bloc
f
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
68
68
99
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
68
Masă atomică
167,259
Numar de masa
167
Categorie
Lantanide
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Erbium a fost numit după Ytterby, un oraș în Suedia
Structură cristalină
Sistemul Hexagonal
Istoric
Erbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Configurație electronică
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
The highest concentration of erbium in humans is in the bones
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
9,066 g/cm3
Punct de topire
1802,15 K | 1529 °C | 2784,2 °F
Punct de fierbere
3141,15 K | 2868 °C | 5194,4 °F
Energie de fuziune
19,9 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
285 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,168 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,0003%
Abundența în Univers
2×10-7%
Numarul CAS
7440-52-0
Număr CID PubChem
23980
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
176 pm
Rază de covalență
189 pm
Electronegativitate
1,24 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
6,1077 eV
Volum molar
18,4 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,143 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
3
Aplicații
Erbium is used in photographic filters to absorb infrared light.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
162Er, 164Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 170ErIzotopi instabili
143Er, 144Er, 145Er, 146Er, 147Er, 148Er, 149Er, 150Er, 151Er, 152Er, 153Er, 154Er, 155Er, 156Er, 157Er, 158Er, 159Er, 160Er, 161Er, 163Er, 165Er, 169Er, 171Er, 172Er, 173Er, 174Er, 175Er, 176Er, 177Er