Bariu
56
Ba
Grupă
2
Perioadă
6
Bloc
s
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
56
56
81
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
56
Masă atomică
137,327
Numar de masa
137
Categorie
Metale alcalino-pământoase
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Din cuvântul grecesc barys, greu
Structură cristalină
Corp Centrat Cubic
Istoric
Barium was identified as a new element in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Configurație electronică
[Xe] 6s2
At low doses, barium acts as a muscle stimulant
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
3,594 g/cm3
Punct de topire
1000,15 K | 727 °C | 1340,6 °F
Punct de fierbere
2170,15 K | 1897 °C | 3446,6 °F
Energie de fuziune
8 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
140 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,204 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,034%
Abundența în Univers
1×10-6%
Numarul CAS
7440-39-3
Număr CID PubChem
5355457
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
222 pm
Rază de covalență
215 pm
Electronegativitate
0,89 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
5,2117 eV
Volum molar
39,24 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,184 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
2
Aplicații
Barium is used as a flashed getter in vacuum tubes to remove the last traces of gases.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
Water-soluble barium compounds are poisonous
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
130Ba, 132Ba, 134Ba, 135Ba, 136Ba, 137Ba, 138BaIzotopi instabili
114Ba, 115Ba, 116Ba, 117Ba, 118Ba, 119Ba, 120Ba, 121Ba, 122Ba, 123Ba, 124Ba, 125Ba, 126Ba, 127Ba, 128Ba, 129Ba, 131Ba, 133Ba, 139Ba, 140Ba, 141Ba, 142Ba, 143Ba, 144Ba, 145Ba, 146Ba, 147Ba, 148Ba, 149Ba, 150Ba, 151Ba, 152Ba, 153Ba