Rubidiu
37
Rb
Grupă
1
Perioadă
5
Bloc
s
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
37
37
48
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
37
Masă atomică
85,4678
Numar de masa
85
Categorie
Metale alcaline
Culoare
Argint
Radioactive
Nu
Din cuvântul latin rubidus, roșu închis
Structură cristalină
Corp Centrat Cubic
Istoric
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Configurație electronică
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Solid
Densitate
1,532 g/cm3
Punct de topire
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Punct de fierbere
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Energie de fuziune
2,19 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
72 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,363 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,006%
Abundența în Univers
1×10-6%
Numarul CAS
7440-17-7
Număr CID PubChem
5357696
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
248 pm
Rază de covalență
220 pm
Electronegativitate
0,82 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
4,1771 eV
Volum molar
55,9 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,582 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
-1, 1
Aplicații
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
85RbIzotopi instabili
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb