Brom
35
Br
Grupă
17
Perioadă
4
Bloc
p
Protoni
Electroni
Neutroni
35
35
45
Proprietăți Generale
Număr atomic
35
Masă atomică
79,904
Numar de masa
80
Categorie
Halogeni
Culoare
Roșu
Radioactive
Nu
Din cuvântul grecesc bromos, duhoare
Structură cristalină
Bază Centrată Ortorombic
Istoric
Carl Jacob Löwig discovered bromine in 1825, while still a chemistry student at Heidelberg University, Germany.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Electroni pe nivelul de energie
2, 8, 18, 7
Configurație electronică
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Bromine is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Proprietăți Fizice
Fază
Lichid
Densitate
3,122 g/cm3
Punct de topire
265,95 K | -7,2 °C | 19,04 °F
Punct de fierbere
331,95 K | 58,8 °C | 137,84 °F
Energie de fuziune
5,8 kJ/mol
Energie de evaporare
14,8 kJ/mol
Căldură specifică
0,474 J/g·K
Abundența în scoarța Pământului
0,0003%
Abundența în Univers
7×10-7%
Numarul CAS
7726-95-6
Număr CID PubChem
24408
Proprietăți Atomice
Rază atomică
120 pm
Rază de covalență
120 pm
Electronegativitate
2,96 (Scara lui Pauling)
Potențial de ionizare
11,8138 eV
Volum molar
23,5 cm3/mol
Conductivitate termică
0,00122 W/cm·K
Număr de oxidare
-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
Aplicații
Bromine is used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicines and sanitizers.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Bromine is poisonous and causes skin burns
Izotopi
Izotopi stabili
79Br, 81BrIzotopi instabili
67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 80Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br